|
21. 拍照时候的姿势：两脚分开，稳稳当当的站好。双手握紧相机，一般左手应该托镜头。肘关节紧贴身体。按快门，注意，不是像按打火机那样按！按快门的时候屏住呼吸或者保持平稳呼吸。Stiff body language Be your own tripod: Stand with your feet apart for best steadiness. Hold the camera with both hands, preferably with your left hand under the camera. Keep your elbows tucked as much as possible into your torso. Squeeze the shutter release, don’t stab at it. Hold your breath or breathe slowly when firing.
22. 让人物收下巴，这样看起来眼睛就大了。或者相机稍微向前倾，这样也能减少眼镜的反光。Chinning exercise For better portraits, lower the subject’s chin to make the eyes look larger. Or tilt the camera forward slightly. This also cuts reflections on eyeglasses.
23. 在镜子前面用闪光灯拍人的群像？莫名其妙，我拍这个干啥，浪费我的时间。不翻译了。Mirror, mirror in the shot: If you are absolutely, positively, stuck making a flash shot of a group standing in front of a mirror: 1) shoot at an angle to the mirror； 2) scrunch down low so that their bodies and heads block the flash reflection； 3) move them closer together to avoid reflective gaps.
24. 这条可操作性不大，算了吧。Reference set Make reference slides: Shoot a sequence of a gray or dull-colored wall (or a gray card) with your favorite slide film, ±2 stops in half stops. Put them in a slide sleeve and keep them in your bag/pocket. Spotmeter an important area of the scene you’re shooting, then pick the slide with the tone you want to match. Use that exact exposure compensation.
25. 在户外，不要用最大的两档光圈拍天空。也不要用最小的两三档光圈拍背打光的主体，防止出现鬼影子。ap lens gremlins For outdoor shots, never shoot a big sky at the first two maximum apertures (to avoid light falloff) or the smallest two or three apertures in backlight (to avoid ghost images).
26. 可以带着块黑的厚卡纸，折起来放包里，用来遮挡杂光。镜头盖也有这个功效。The unreflector Block unwanted light: Get a folding gobo (a black reflector) and use it to shield your lens from stray light, to cut down glare from reflective surfaces, or to keep the sun out of your subject’s eyes. Alternative: Carry a big piece of heavy black paper, folded, in
your camera bag.
27. 发现平凡中的伟大。不知道该拍什么好了？斯蒂格里茨拍了多云的天空，美其名曰“等同”。（唉，人成了名怎么都行。这也叫作品。你要是去拍拍试试，别人肯定说，你有病吧？）给一棵树拍上36张照片。检修孔的盖、手、脚、胡子、字母表，都能拍上一个系列。还有比如钢琴的里面啊什么的。再就是给厨具拍静物写生。完了寄给厂家，备不住能被选中当广告呢。Discover the ordinary Run out of ideas on what to shoot? Stieglitz shot cloudy skies, which he called “equivalents.” Shoot 36 different pictures of the same tree. Make a collection of interesting manhole covers, hands, feet, mustaches, alphabet letters. Shoot the insides of a piano. Use your kitchen tools for a still life.
28. 三角架太轻了？那就加上自己的分量。用左手紧紧抓住三角架的领子（三脚架的领子？它穿衣服么？我猜应该是云台下三条腿结合的地方吧。）或者是中柱，往下使劲儿，右手操控相机。Post fact-o Tripod too flimsy to be useful? Employ your own weight: Grasp the tripod collar or centerpost firmly in your left fist and press downward while operating the camera with your right hand.
29. 近点，再近点！把相机打到手动对焦，用微距功能拍摄能清楚聚焦的最近的东东，拍完你们家就去拍邻居家。在战场上有句话送给摄影记者：如果你拍得不够好，那是你离得不够近。Holy macro! Force yourself to shoot close: Put your camera on manual focus, set the focusing at its closest distance, make close-ups of items in your house or around your neighborhood without changing focusing distance.
30. 认真阅读说明书！对，就是这样，老生常谈吧？坐好，一手拿相机，一手拿说明书。那我怎么翻页呢？和和。就像咱们的索索一样，多少人没看过说明书就上来问小儿科问题？？恩？BTW，我的相机的说明书哪去了？Manual labor Read the fact-filled manual: Yeah, yeah, yeah, the same old boring advice, but once you get the basics of your camera, sit down and read the manual with the camera in your hands. You’ll be amazed what you learn. Put tabs on the pages with features important to you.
31. 扛起相机，精神饱满的投入战斗！别害羞，尽可能用广角镜头，凑近那些等红灯的人，去拍他们的特写！我靠，你们试过没有？谁试一下告诉我后果啊！ Street beat Don’t be timid with street photography: Wade into the fray and get up close and personal. Try putting the widest-angle lens you have on a camera and shooting close-up pictures as people are waiting for a traffic light to change.
32. 太初级了，什么别忘了开镜头盖啊之类的，小儿科。Observe yourself Practice holding your camera while looking in a mirror: This is particularly important for teeny point-and-shoots. Make sure you can aim the camera quickly without blocking the flash, covering the lens, shading the viewfinder.
33. 保持三角架稳定。这个检测方法搞得太复杂，从略吧。Dot’s the trick Check the steadiness of your camera on your tripod: Attach a laser light to the camera (use gaffer tape), pointing at a wall. Photograph the laser dot at various shutter speeds. If you don’t get a round dot in your images, you’re going to get blurry pictures.
34. 这个没啥意思，也从略。Face backward Shoot your friends from the back: Try it with them looking forward, and to the side. Use different focal lengths and try various lighting directions.
35. 拍人像的时候，从全身像开始，走进点儿，再拍一张，再走近点，再来一张。直到你拍到他/她的鼻孔为止！……有点恶心……反正数码相机拍照片不用花钱，哈哈。Track ’em down Distance sequence a portrait: Start at full figure, then approach closer and closer, shooting one or two pictures every few feet until you are crawling up inside a nostril.
36. 拍群像的时候，别让他们都跟人大代表似的挤在一块。有的坐着，有的半躺在地板上，懒懒的靠在睡椅上，效果都不错。Regroup the group When shooting a group portrait of your friends or family: Don’t group them all together! Have some sit, lie on the floor, lounge on the couch...
37. 试试黑白效果：有派对啊短途旅行什么的PP，用黑白效果看看。这样，红眼、皮肤苍白之类的缺憾就都看不出来了。你的朋友们会喜欢你的。 Monochromania Print casual snapshots (parties, short trips, etc.) in b&w: It’s much more forgiving of redeye, pasty skin, and other imperfections. Your friends will love you.
38. 横拍拍，竖拍拍：拍完横幅构图的，再马上来张竖幅的。反之也一样。经常是第二张比前一张好很多啊。当然了，也可能两张都8错！Orientate orientation Take a vertical photo: Snap one immediately after taking a horizontal. And vice versa. You’ll be surprised how often the second one turns out better. You can get two good shots, too.
39. 避免用直接闪光。可能的话，尽量不要用直接闪光，拍出来的PP平平的，木啥意思。把闪光灯朝向天花板（横拍的时候），或者是侧墙（竖排的时候）。让闪光灯的光打到墙上再反射到人物或者物体上。这样就自然多了。当然，这说的不是内置式的闪光灯。和和。Reach for the ceiling Use bounce flash when possible: It makes for more natural lighting in indoor flash pictures. For verticals, try side wall bounce—it usually works quite well.
40. 这一条建议买什么渐进焦距镜头，NND，知道我们是发展中国家不，算了吧，等我们度过社会主义初级阶段再说。国内少见，还是不翻译了吧。 Spec out your specs Get better glasses: Progressive lenses, such as Varilux, work like bifocals except they offer continuous correction from very close to far distance. You can make all camera adjustments, see LCD screens, and frame and shoot without juggling glasses on and off or extending your arms back and forth. Expensive, but worth it.
41. 看过别人拍的夜景的道路，车水马龙，上面无数光柱交错的PP吧，靠，这鬼子，把这景象叫做“车头灯的意大利面”！什么跟什么啊。找个繁忙的路口，比如建国门啊复兴门啊什么的，注意啊，别影响交通，要不然你就有机会拍警察叔叔的照片了。在黄昏之前，把三角架竖起来。注意，别去中南海附近，要不……设定相机模式为光圈优先（佳能系列的Av模式，尼康系列的A模式），把光圈调到f/22，就是最小的光圈挡。（有的相机没那么小，反正最小就对了，这里说的是单反的）然后你就拍吧，不用动，拍完一张再来一张。直到天黑了为止。Crosswalk fandango Shoot spaghetti headlight trails: Find a busy intersection, set up your tripod just before dusk, set the camera to aperture priority and f/22. Without moving your tripod or changing camera angle or settings, shoot a series of pictures until it’s totally dark.
42. 室内人像，试试慢速同步闪光：慢速同步闪光又叫夜景模式闪光。一般相机上都有啦。有的是用夜景的图标来表示的。就是闪光灯会刷刷刷刷的闪好多下。闪光的同时，快门也会一直保持开启状态，这样呢，背景上的细节就能都清楚地尽收相机里辣！不像自动闪光，就是平平的白板一块。但是注意，因为快门速度比较慢，一定要拿稳相机啊。可以考虑放到女朋友（或男朋友）的头顶、肩膀，当然，有三角架就更好了。That syncing feeling “Drag” the shutter in indoor flash portraits: It’s called slow-sync flash, or night flash, and it leaves the shutter open longer to capture more of the background detail than plain autoflash. But hold the camera steady!
43. 拍人群像的时候，让胖子站中间，瘦子站两边。这样出来的效果就是胖子减肥了，瘦子增重了。Weight watch Pose according to girth: Put heavier people centrally (where they will look thinner) and thinner people along the edge (where the lens fattens people).
44. 用广角镜头近距离拍摄：这是广角镜头最有效的用法。要突出前景的主体，水平构图的时候，就把它放在边上；垂直构图的时候，就放在底下。然后走近一点，别把背景上乱七八糟的东西拍进画面。Narrow your wide-angle The most effective use of a wide-angle lens: Emphasizing a foreground feature. Place it to the side of the frame (in horizontals) or to the bottom (in verticals) and move in close to crop out other clutter.
45. 花5分钟，用用PS这样的软件：别的功能复杂就不要学了，用一下自动色阶，自动对比度之类的就好了。（自动功能啊，不应该不会吧？！这也不会？靠！那没办法，上网上搜搜看吧）把背景上所有没用的垃圾统统裁剪掉！！！Quick pix fix Use 5-minute Photoshop (or another image-editing program: Try auto levels/contrast to add snap and lighten a little, add small catchlights (especially in pet photos), and crop out as much junk in the background as you can.
46. 给宠物拍照：要把猫猫狗狗拍得魅力四射，简单的办法是，尽可能光线充足、用感光度比较高（ISO大一点，当然颗粒也会变粗，这是木办法的，不过目前的商用胶卷，200、400都没问题）的胶卷。让猫猫狗狗的脸充满整个画幅，虚化背景，光线的调子无论在室内还是室外，都应该暖一点，柔和一点。 Beauty in the beasts For easy, charming pet shots: Use available light, fast film, or high ISO capture. Fill the frame with their faces and throw the background out of focus, in warm indoor or soft outdoor light.
47. 出片的时候可以尝试不同的效果：比如咱们一般照片没有边框，试试加个白边？一般用光面纸，咱试试绒面的？甚至有纹理的表面、棕褐色调的（就是老照片的效果）凡此种种，小小变化，大有不同！A different gloss Try different print options: white border instead of borderless, matte instead of glossy, textured surfaces, sepia, and such. It’s a subtle but effective way to change the look of a picture.
48. 多学多看：读读书，看展览，上网搜。熟读唐诗三百首，不会做诗也会诌！（原文是，没听过音乐，肯定不会作曲）多看看猪跑，就会吃猪肉了（什么乱七八糟的，人家说的是，不看好的PP，就别想拍出好的PP！）。Sight reading Look at great photography: Open a book, go to a show, browse online galleries. No one ever learned to compose music without listening to music. No one makes good photos without seeing good photography.
49. 用闪光灯拍摄舞蹈场面，有趣极了：把相机的闪光模式打到“慢速同步”（前面说过这个名词啦）。从屁屁的角度或者是从高过头顶的角度拍摄，包你拍出极其狂野的PP。Flash dance Great fun while dancing: Hold a small point-and-shoot, set to slow-sync flash, and shoot from the hip or reaching overhead on the dance floor. Wild pictures guaranteed.
50. In the zone For fast shooting in low light: Use the camera’s manual-focus mode and scale or zone focus. Practice estimating distances. Hint: Use floor tiles as a guide—most are exactly one foot square.低照度情况下的抓拍：使用相机手动对焦模式，标尺（单反相机镜头上有这样的刻度，1m，2m，3m……直到无穷远，你需要自己估计被摄主体的距离，然后把镜头转到相应的刻度上就完成对焦了。不用单反的同学，就不用管了）和/或宽区对焦模式。要准确对焦，就多练习练习对距离的估计。（北京的加菲猫同学是个行家，手动对焦很是精确，不信看他在花旗国拍的PP）窍门是：用地砖的尺寸作参考，大部分是一英尺见方的。（这是鬼子国的尺寸，咱们没有标准，啥尺寸都有，别生搬硬套的。）
|